全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4059篇 |
免费 | 526篇 |
国内免费 | 397篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 52篇 |
农学 | 197篇 |
基础科学 | 105篇 |
415篇 | |
综合类 | 1721篇 |
农作物 | 85篇 |
水产渔业 | 1597篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 90篇 |
园艺 | 396篇 |
植物保护 | 324篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 19篇 |
2023年 | 70篇 |
2022年 | 97篇 |
2021年 | 139篇 |
2020年 | 140篇 |
2019年 | 156篇 |
2018年 | 115篇 |
2017年 | 180篇 |
2016年 | 244篇 |
2015年 | 209篇 |
2014年 | 235篇 |
2013年 | 223篇 |
2012年 | 310篇 |
2011年 | 337篇 |
2010年 | 328篇 |
2009年 | 233篇 |
2008年 | 248篇 |
2007年 | 223篇 |
2006年 | 242篇 |
2005年 | 227篇 |
2004年 | 149篇 |
2003年 | 130篇 |
2002年 | 98篇 |
2001年 | 86篇 |
2000年 | 79篇 |
1999年 | 62篇 |
1998年 | 60篇 |
1997年 | 60篇 |
1996年 | 44篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 31篇 |
1991年 | 21篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1955年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有4982条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
12.
13.
14.
为了明确京郊日光温室越冬茬黄瓜高产栽培所需的适宜滴灌量,以黄瓜"津优35"为试材,研究了不同滴灌量对黄瓜灌溉水分配、产量、品质、水分利用效率和经济效益的影响。结果表明:85%农户常规灌溉量处理较对照节水50.8 mm,深层渗漏量减少42.6%,黄瓜产量提高3.6 t/hm~2,可溶性糖含量提高17.3%,硝酸盐含量降低5.0 mg/kg,果实品质提高;水分利用效率提高3.61 kg/m~3,增收1.42万元/hm~2。综合来看,85%农户常规灌溉量处理是京郊日光温室越冬茬黄瓜适宜滴灌量,全生育期灌溉总量为327.9 mm,其中苗期41.7 mm,初瓜期43.1 mm,结果期243.1 mm,当埋深20 cm的土壤张力计读数为-21.6 kPa时需进行灌溉。 相似文献
15.
Molecular cloning and functional characterization of the fatty acid delta 6 desaturase (FAD6) gene in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus 下载免费PDF全文
The sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus), an important echinodermata, had high value in nutrition and medicine for its rich collagen, sulphated polysaccharide, glycosides and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The cDNA of the fatty acid desaturase gene in A. japonicus (AJFAD6) was cloned and was found to encode a desaturase with delta 6 FAD activity. Sequence analysis indicated that AJFAD6 included an open reading frame of 1392 bp, encoding 463 amino acids. AJFAD6 has all the conserved motifs found in other members of the FAD6 family, including an N‐terminal cytochrome b5 domain and three histidine‐rich regions. qRT‐PCR showed that AJFAD6 was expressed in all tissues tested during juvenile development and was mainly expressed in the respiratory tree at 150 days after adherence (150 days) and in the intestine at 100 days. Furthermore, AJFAD6 mRNA was also detected in the analysed adult tissues, with higher expression in the intestine and testis. Functional characterization of AJFAD6 in a recombinant yeast, Pichia pastoris, showed that AJFAD6 could catalyse exogenous linoleic acid (LA) and α‐linolenic acid (ALA) to produce γ‐linoleic acid (GLA) and stearidonic acid (STA), respectively, at conversion rates of 11.1% for LA to GLA and 3.4% for ALA to STA. Our results suggested that the biosynthetic pathway of PUFA existed in the sea cucumber, but endogenous production of eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from either LA or ALA precursor appeared to be limited. 相似文献
16.
A century of fishery data documenting the collapse of smooth‐hounds (Mustelus spp.) in the Mediterranean Sea 下载免费PDF全文
Francesco Colloca Marco Enea Sergio Ragonese Manfredi Di Lorenzo 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(6):1145-1155
- Conservation and management of shark populations is increasingly becoming important in many marine regions, since there is a growing body of evidence showing that several species are threatened and continuing to decline because of unregulated fishing. Quantifying the extent of sharks' decline, the risk of species extinction, and the consequences for marine ecosystems have been challenging and controversial, mostly due to data limitations.
- In this study, more than one century of multiple‐sources of bibliographic records on presence and frequency of occurrence of three species of commercial sharks, the smooth‐hounds Mustelus spp., in the Mediterranean Sea were compiled and analysed. Generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) were used to estimate the rate of change of two of these species, Mustelus mustelus and Mustelus punctulatus, in four Mediterranean regions.
- Model results showed that smooth‐hounds have declined by 80–90% since the beginning of last century to almost disappear in a large part of their original distributional range during the 1980s and 1990s.
- Based on modelling results, a revision of the current International Union for Conservation of Nature classification of Mediterranean smooth‐hounds would be advisable along with the application of urgent conservation measures.
17.
为研究目前渤海主要渔业生物的时空关系,文章依据2014年~2015年渤海双船底拖网4个季度调查数据,初步分析了渤海三类主要渔获物(鱼类、甲壳类和头足类)的水平空间分布特点、空间距离及四季变化特征。结果显示,三类生物的主要分布区水平方向上存在空间分化现象,且随着三类生物集中分布区聚集程度的提高,空间分化现象越来越明显。三类生物的水平空间分布距离在季节上表现出夏、秋季(平均欧氏距离,夏季为75.91;秋季为44.76)较远,冬、春季(冬季为8.55;春季为11.81)较近的特点。三类生物间,头足类与甲壳类的距离相对较近(平均欧氏距离,24.44),而头足类与鱼类(40.07)、鱼类与甲壳类(38.27)的距离相对较远。 相似文献
18.
Effect of dietary chitosan oligosaccharide complex with Ce (IV) on growth,immunity and disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus of sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicas 下载免费PDF全文
Yanlong Wang Wei Xu Rantao Zuo Huihui Zhou Yang Bai Kangsen Mai Dongfeng Wang Qinghui Ai 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(3):1158-1167
An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan oligosaccharide complex with cerium (Ce IV) (COS‐Ce) on growth performance, nonspecific immunity and disease resistance of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas. Five isonitrogenous (18.6%) and isolipidic (1.1%) practical diets were formulated with graded level of COS‐Ce (0, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 mg kg?1 dry feed), which were named as COS‐Ce/0, COS‐Ce/150, COS‐Ce/300, COS‐Ce/600, COS‐Ce/1200 respectively. Each diet was allocated to four replicates of sea cucumbers (Initial weight: 6.72 ± 0.02 g). Sea cucumbers were fed to apparent satiation once daily (19:00 hours) for 56 days. During the experiment, water temperature was kept at 16 ± 0.5°C, pH 7.8–8.2, dissolved oxygen beyond 5 mg L?1, ammonia nitrogen below 0.5 mg L?1 and salinity from 30‰ to 31‰. Results showed that the specific growth rate of sea cucumbers was significantly higher in COS‐Ce/600 than that in other four treatments. Activities of phagocytosis, respiratory burst, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in COS‐Ce/600 were significantly higher than that in COS‐Ce/0 (P < 0.05) respectively. On the contrary, cumulative mortality was the lowest in COS‐Ce/600 following 14 days exposure to Vibrio splendidus (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results confirmed that dietary COS‐Ce had beneficial effects on growth performance, nonspecific immunity and disease resistance of sea cucumber. 相似文献
19.
Otolith elemental characteristics of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) from brackish waters of the Gulf of Bothnia,Baltic Sea 下载免费PDF全文
Henry Hägerstrand Mikael Himberg Erkki Jokikokko Mikael von Numers Lucyna Mrówczyńska Anti Vasemägi Tom Wiklund Jan‐Olof Lill 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(1):66-74
To investigate whether European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) groups in the brackish (≤7%) Gulf of Bothnia (Baltic Sea) express specific otolith elemental characteristics, concentrations of elements (Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Mn, Fe) in whole otoliths were studied by inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission spectrometry. Whitefish (N = 67) were sampled from six different latitudinal sites; four in the sea and two in rivers along the west coast of Finland, and from a fresh water lake for comparison. The concentration of several elements showed significant differences among sampling sites. Otolith Ba concentrations were higher at the northern sampling sites compared to the southern ones, thereby showing negative association to capture‐habitat salinity. In contrast, otolith Sr and Zn concentrations were lower at the northern sampling sites, thereby associating positively to capture‐habitat salinity. Otolith Mn concentrations did not associate with latitude or salinity but markedly varied between sampling sites. Elevated Fe concentrations occurred in fish otoliths from the two northernmost sites. Ca concentrations were at the same levels in otoliths from all whitefish samples. Otoliths of whitefish from the lake had very high Ba and low Sr concentrations compared to concentrations in otoliths from whitefish in the sea and rivers. Our results show that otolith elemental characteristics of whitefish vary considerably at various geographic scales showing high potential for population identification using elemental fingerprints. Analysis of otolith elemental characteristics may therefore provide an efficient tool for the identification of main areas of residence, spawning locations, and migration routes, thus contributing towards the sustainable management of whitefish stocks. 相似文献
20.
Seasonal variations of immune parameters in the coelomic fluid of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus cultured in pond 下载免费PDF全文
Jingwei Jiang Zunchun Zhou Ying Dong Bei Jiang Zhong Chen Shan Gao Xiaoyan Guan Li Han 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1677-1687
In order to understand the effects of seasonal change on the immunity of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus cultured in pond, A. japonicus with body weight of 12.2 ± 4.5 g (sample A) and 32.6 ± 7.1 g (sample B), respectively, were collected monthly and randomly from a typical pond during a year cycle and employed for the evaluation of immunocompetence. Simultaneously, the environmental factors in the pond including water temperature, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured using a handheld multiparameter meter. The activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lysozyme (LYZ), phenoloxidase (PO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the coelomic fluid were selected for the evaluation of A. japonicus immunocompetence and determined using biochemical methods. The results showed that in both samples, the activities of all determined enzymes had small values in winter and early spring, and LYZ, CAT and MPO activities also presented small values in summer, suggesting that pond‐cultured A. japonicus underwent immunosuppression twice during a year cycle, and the immunosuppression occurred in winter and early spring was more severe than that occurred in summer. In addition, most of the determined enzymes showed different variations between the two samples, and had significantly negative correlation with protein concentration, which was significantly and negatively correlated with water temperature, revealing that body weight and water temperature might have crucial effects on the immunity of A. japonicus cultured in pond. 相似文献